Linear regression#
Linear regression is a fundamental statistical and machine learning technique used for modeling the relationship between a dependent variable (target) and one or more independent variables (features). If we have \(n\) training samples an \(d\) features, they form a numeric dataset
(8)#\[\mathcal D = \{(\boldsymbol x_i, y_i)\}_{i=1}^n, \quad \boldsymbol x_i \in \mathbb R^d.\]
More precisely, the linear regression is called
simple linear regression if \(d=1\);
multiple linear regresion if \(d>1\);
multivariate linear regression if the labels are vectors: \(\boldsymbol y_i \in \mathbb R^m\), \(m>1\).